What is a dynamic circuit?

A circuit that contains at least one dynamic element is called a dynamic circuit. The behavior of dynamic circuits, consisting of independent sources, inductors, capacitors, and resistors, is described by a system of differential equations.

Can a dynamic equivalent circuit be used to model supercapacitors?

The aim of this study was to demonstrate that the dynamic equivalent circuit can be used to model the behaviour of supercapacitors if one allows for an interpretation in terms of a distribution of relaxation times.

What are the simplest dynamic circuit elements?

The simplest dynamic circuit elements are the linear capacitor and the linear inductor. The operating equation of the linear capacitor is i c t = C ∙ d v c t dt where v c t is the voltage at the capacitor terminals, i c t is the current through the capacitor, and C is a constant called the capacitor capacity.

Which circuit represents a supercapacitor?

Equivalent electrical circuits representing a supercapacitor. In a), a Randle circuit is shown, whereas b) shows the dynamic circuit. The dynamic equivalent circuit in Fig. 1 b) can be rationalized by linearization of the partial differential equations describing diffusion, drift, charge conservation .

Do ceramic capacitors have a low capacitance?

The ceramic capacitors with lower ε r values have a stable capacitance and very low losses, so they are preferred in high-precision circuits and in high-frequency and RF electronic circuits. Typically, these “fast” ceramic capacitors have very small capacitances, on the order of pF and nF, and they can hold a high voltage.

How do you describe the behavior of inductors and capacitors?

The behavior of inductors and capacitors is described using differential equations in terms of voltages and currents. The resulting set of differential equations can be rewritten as state equations in normal form. The eigenvalues of the state matrix can be used to verify the stability of the circuit.